Ta có: \(\left(\left|x-3\right|+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) không âm

\(\left|y+3\right|\ge3\forall y\) không âm

Cộng theo vế 2 BĐT trên ta có:

\(A=\left(\left|x-3\right|+2\right)^2+\left|y+3\right|+2018\ge0+3+2018=2021\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=2021\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\left|x-3\right|+2\right)^2=0\\\left|y+3\right|=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=0\end{cases}}}\)

\(\left|x-3\right|+2>=2\)

=>(|x-3|+2)^2>=4

\(A=\left(\left|x-3\right|+2\right)^2+\left|y+3\right|+2018>=4+2018=2022\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x-3=0 và y+3=0

=>x=3 và y=-3

6.6..6 - 6=?

đặt \(a=x^2,b=y^2\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)thì \(P=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b\right)^2}\)

Zì \(a,b\ge0\)nên

\(\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)=a-a^2b-b+ab^2\le a+ab^2=a\left(1+b^2\right)\le a\left(1+2b+b^2\right)=a\left(1+b\right)^2\)

Lại có \(\left(1+a\right)^2=\left(1-a\right)^2+4a\ge4a\)

=>\(P\le\frac{a\left(1+b\right)^2}{4a\left(1+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{4}\)

dấu "=" xảy ra khi zà chỉ khi\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=0\end{cases}=>\hept{\begin{cases}x=\pm1\\y=0\end{cases}}}\)

zậy \(maxP=\frac{1}{4}khi\hept{\begin{cases}x=\pm1\\y=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\left(x^2;y^2\right)=\left(a;b\right)\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b\right)^2}\)

Ta có:

\(\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)=2b\left(a^2+1\right)\ge0;\forall a;b\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)\ge\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b\right)^2}\le\dfrac{\left(a+b+1+ab\right)^2}{4\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(P_{max}=\dfrac{1}{4}\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(1;0\right)\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right)\)

\(P=\dfrac{\left[\left(x-y\right)\left(1+xy\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)\right]}{\left(1+x^2\right)^2\left(1+y^2\right)^2}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có:

\(\left(x-y\right)\left(1+xy\right)\le\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(1+xy\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}{2}\\ \left(x+y\right)\left(1-xy\right)\le\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(1-xy\right)^2}{2}=\dfrac{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}{2}\)

\(\to P\le\dfrac{\left(1+x^2\right)^2\left(1+y^2\right)^2}{4\left(1+x^2\right)^2\left(1+y^2\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right)\)

\(A\)xác định \(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+1+\left(x^2-y\right)\left(1-y\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+1+x^2-x^2y-y+y^2\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2y^2+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)-\left(x^2y+y\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)-y\left(x^2+1\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2-y+1\right)\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\ne0\)

Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+1>0\forall x\\\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\forall y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]>0\forall x;y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\ne0\forall x;y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A\ne0\forall x;y\)

Sử dụng BĐT Cauchy Schwarz ta dễ có:

\(P=\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+y^2\left(y-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\)

Ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\ge8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-8\left(x+y\right)+16\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-4\right)^2\ge0\)( ĐPCM )

Có : \(P=\frac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^2\left(x-1\right)+y^2\left(y-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\)

Theo BĐT Cô - si ta có :

\(\frac{x^2}{y-1}+4\left(y-1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x^2}{y-1}.4\left(y-1\right)}=4x\)

\(\frac{y^2}{x-1}+4\left(x-1\right)\ge4y\)

Do đó ; \(\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}+4.\left(x+y-2\right)\ge4\left(x+y\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{y-1}+\frac{y^2}{x-1}\ge8\)

Hay : \(P\ge8\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=2\)

Vậy \(P_{min}=8\) khi \(x=y=2\)